One finds, in this century, that the vocabulary of skincare has become quite elaborate. There are “serums” and “essences” and a product called a “toner,” whose function I have, after considerable study, accepted on faith. My doctor in 1819 did not have any of these. He had a number of things that, in retrospect, I would not recommend.

What I can recommend, after two centuries of observing the living conduct their morning rituals in the rooms I happen to occupy, is that one chooses a cleanser before all else. The cleanser is the foundation upon which the rest of the edifice rests. A bad cleanser undoes the work of every serum that follows, and the serums, as I have mentioned, are quite elaborate.

I have not, you understand, any personal need of these things — the dead keep a complexion that no cleanser could improve or spoil. What I have instead is time, and a great deal of correspondence: the reviews arrive to me the way letters once did, by the hundred, and I read them all. From the reactions of the living, and the testimony of those who trouble to write things down, I have watched which of the three below deserves a place on the washbasin. My complexion is not the evidence here. Theirs is.

The first I would recommend to anyone whose skin has not yet declared itself a particular way — what the women of my time would have called “a constitution of moderate sensibility.” The second I would press into the hands of anyone whose skin is, as the contemporary phrase goes, “reactive.” The third is what I would purchase if I had no further information and simply wished to be done with the decision.

A cleanser does not labor alone. The dryness these formulas guard against is often the room’s fault as much as the skin’s — the winter air in these old buildings is merciless — and I keep opinions, filed elsewhere, on the humidifiers worth running through the dry season. The ritual deserves its objects, too: a teaware set meant for one suits the slow hour a proper cleansing wants. And what follows the washbasin is the pillow, for which my colleagues have notated the weighted blankets that persuade a restless night to hold still.

That is the whole of it. I have outlived my doctor, my century, and every fashion in the washing of a face that came between — and of the three, the CeraVe is where I would send a person who asked me once and did not wish to ask again. The reviews and I are, for this rare instance, in complete agreement. I have all the time in the world to change my mind; I do not expect to need it.

At a glance

Pick Category Price Sold at
01 CeraVe Hydrating Facial Cleanser Best Daily Workhorse $15 Amazon
02 Vanicream Gentle Facial Cleanser Best for Sensitive Skin $11 Amazon
03 La Roche-Posay Toleriane Hydrating Gentle Cleanser Best for Routine Reliability $17 Amazon

Questions, anticipated

How often should one wash the face with a hydrating cleanser?

Twice daily, by the dermatologists' counsel — morning and night, and again after one perspires — with lukewarm water and the fingertips, never a scrubbing cloth. The American Academy of Dermatology has been quite firm on this, and firmness on small matters is a thing I respect.

Are these hydrating cleansers suitable for oily skin?

The two cream formulas — CeraVe and La Roche-Posay's Toleriane — suit normal to dry skin best; very oily complexions may find the texture a touch rich, as several reviewers note. Vanicream sits comfortably across most skin types. Choose by your constitution, as the women of my time would have said.

Why do these cleansers barely lather?

Gentleness and foam are old adversaries. These formulas use mild surfactants that clean without stripping, so the lather is modest by design — a fact that surprises some buyers, per the reviews, though their skin rarely complains of it afterward.

Do I truly need a gentle cleanser if my skin is sensitive?

Especially then. Reactive and rosacea-prone skin is where the fragrance-free Vanicream earns its devoted reviews, and where a harsh wash does the most quiet damage. The cleanser is the foundation; a poor one undoes every serum that follows.